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Global Income and Wealth Distribution Indicators
Data Science and Analytics
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About
This collection provides detailed metrics concerning the distribution of income and wealth, analysing economic disparity both within specific countries and across the world. The evidence demonstrates that inequality in many nations is substantial and has frequently been escalating. Global economic inequality is extensive and often exacerbated by intersecting disparities in dimensions such as health and education. However, the data also highlights that high inequality is not inevitable, noting instances where disparity has declined or remained steady, indicating that current levels are subject to change. This resource offers various inequality indicators measured according to two distinct definitions of income sourced from influential outlets.
Columns
The dataset contains ten columns focusing on location, time, and various inequality metrics:
- Country: The nation to which the data point applies (e.g., United States, Australia).
- Year: The specific year of measurement, ranging from 1820 to 2021.
- Pre tax Gini: The Gini coefficient calculated on income prior to the effect of taxes and benefits.
- Pre tax Top 10%: The share of income or wealth held by the wealthiest tenth of the population before taxation.
- Pre tax Top 1%: The income or wealth share attributed to the top 1% before taxation.
- Pre tax Top 01%: The income or wealth share attributed to the top 0.01% before taxation.
- Pre tax Bottom 50%: The share of income or wealth held by the bottom half of the population before taxation.
- Pre tax Palma Ratio: A ratio comparing the income share of the top 10% to the bottom 40% before taxes.
- Post tax Gini: The Gini coefficient measured using income after taxes and benefits, or based on consumption (varying by country and year).
- Pre tax S80S20 Ratio: The ratio comparing the income share of the richest 20% to the poorest 20% before taxes.
Distribution
The primary data file, named
inequality new.csv, is structured in a tabular format and weighs approximately 363.03 kB. It is a robust collection featuring 10 columns and 4,586 valid records. The dataset is anticipated to receive updates on an annual basis.Usage
Ideal applications for this data include:
- Historical analysis of long-term economic trends spanning two centuries.
- Evaluation of fiscal policy effectiveness by contrasting pre-tax and post-tax inequality indicators.
- Comparative studies examining economic disparities across 194 unique countries.
- Developing and validating models that predict future trends in wealth concentration and income stratification.
Coverage
The data provides worldwide coverage, incorporating measurements from 194 distinct countries. The temporal scope is extensive, ranging from the year 1820 through to 2021. Inequality indicators are measured using two primary approaches: data sourced from the World Inequality Database pertains to inequality before taxes and benefits; conversely, data sourced from the World Bank uses measurements of either income post taxes and benefits or consumption, depending on the specific country and year recorded.
License
CC0: Public Domain
Who Can Use It
- Economists: For rigorous analysis of macroeconomic models and global wealth distribution.
- Public Policy Researchers: To evaluate the impact of welfare programmes, taxation systems, and interventions designed to reduce poverty.
- Academics and Students: Studying the history of economic thought and international development.
- Journalists: Reporting on shifts in national and global income gaps.
Dataset Name Suggestions
- Global Income and Wealth Distribution Indicators
- World Income Inequality Indicators
- Pre- and Post-Tax Distribution Data
Attributes
Original Data Source:Global Income and Wealth Distribution Indicators
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