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New York City Weather Retrospective
Data Science and Analytics
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About
This collection offers a valuable historical climate record for New York City, drawing on over 56,000 consecutive days of daily weather observations taken within Central Park. This extensive record spans 154 years, commencing in January 1869 and concluding in December 2022. The data includes critical measurements such as daily precipitation, snowfall totals, snow depth, and the maximum and minimum temperatures recorded. Measurements have been taken at the same automated station at Belvedere Castle since 1920, which is over a century of consistent location monitoring, making this an exceptional resource for studying urban climate trends.
Columns
The dataset contains six fields of daily observations:
- DATE: The date when the weather observation was recorded, formatted as YYYY-MM-DD.
- PRCP: The amount of daily precipitation, measured in inches.
- SNOW: The amount of daily snowfall, measured in inches. A human operator still manually measures snowfall in the park.
- SNWD: The measured snow depth on that specific day, in inches. Records for this field are unavailable before 1912.
- TMIN: The minimum temperature recorded for the day, in degrees Fahrenheit.
- TMAX: The maximum temperature recorded for the day, in degrees Fahrenheit.
Distribution
This product is provided as a CSV file. It totals approximately 56.2 thousand valid daily records across its entire period. The structured data contains six columns. The file size is relatively small at 1.33 MB. While temperature records have few missing entries, users should note that snow depth measurements are substantially absent prior to 1912. This product has an expected update frequency of never, as the record is historical and complete through 2022.
Usage
This data is highly suitable for historical climate research and statistical analysis. Users can identify extreme weather events, such as finding the maximum recorded rainfall or minimum recorded temperature across the entire history. It enables the averaging of data for each day of the year to establish a seasonal cycle for temperature extremes. Furthermore, researchers can compute anomaly sets for both maximum and minimum temperatures by subtracting these seasonal cycles, and then compute the long-term trends of those anomaly series. It is ideal for exploratory data analysis and time-series model training.
Coverage
Geographic Scope: Central Park, New York City.
Time Range: The dataset provides observations from 1 January 1869 to 29 December 2022.
Data Consistency: Weather measurements have been taken at Belvedere Castle since 1920, ensuring high positional consistency for over 100 years. Snow depth observations (SNWD) are noticeably missing for the period before 1912.
License
CC0: Public Domain
Who Can Use It
- Climatologists: For detailed study of long-term urban climate variability and change.
- Students and Educators: Excellent material for education and practical exercises in exploratory data analysis.
- Data Scientists: To develop models, such as Random Forest or other forecasting techniques, based on historical weather patterns.
- Historians: To correlate historical events with weather phenomena.
Dataset Name Suggestions
- NYC Central Park Daily Weather Observations (1869-2022)
- 154 Years of NYC Climate Data
- Historical Central Park Temperature and Precipitation Record
- New York City Weather Retrospective
Attributes
Original Data Source:New York City Weather Retrospective
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