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NASA NEO Close Approach History
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About
Data describes Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), which are celestial bodies such as asteroids and comets that closely approach Earth. The file is sourced directly from NASA's official website. It offers detailed information on individual objects, including their names, designations, absolute magnitudes, estimated diameters, and associated hazard assessments. Furthermore, it contains historical documentation of close approaches, detailing approach dates, relative velocities, miss distances, and the specific celestial bodies the objects orbit. This resource is valuable for understanding space dynamics and impact risks.
Columns
The data contains several key elements structured around individual NEOs and their approach details:
- Identifiers: Unique identifiers (
idandneo_reference_id) and the officialdesignation. - Naming: The full
nameand aname_limitedversion of the NEO. - Physical Attributes: The
absolute_magnitude_hvalue and theestimated_diameterwhich provides minimum and maximum diameter ranges in kilometers, meters, miles, and feet. - Hazard Status: A flag indicating if the object
is_potentially_hazardous_asteroid. - Close Approach Data: Information about approaches, including the
close_approach_date(full date and time), the epoch timestamp,relative_velocity(measured in kilometres per second, kilometres per hour, and miles per hour),miss_distance(measured in astronomical units, lunar distances, kilometres, and miles), and theorbiting_body. - Links: A
nasa_jpl_urllinking to the object’s page on NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory website.
Distribution
The dataset is presented in JSON format. It contains a total of 33,125 Near-Earth Objects. The full data structure is divided across 1,657 pages. The file size is approximately 810.11 kB. The expected update frequency for this specific catalogue is noted as never.
Usage
This data is highly suitable for studying the dynamics of NEOs and evaluating potential impact risks. Ideal applications include trajectory analysis, space object classification, and historical proximity studies.
Coverage
The scope covers celestial objects, specifically asteroids and comets, identified as Near-Earth Objects. The data includes historical close approach records, with dates extending back to at least 1900. Geographically, the coverage relates to objects orbiting or approaching Earth.
License
CC0: Public Domain
Who Can Use It
- Researchers requiring historical data for planetary defence studies or orbital mechanics.
- Astronomers interested in the characteristics and movement of space rocks.
- Data Scientists and Analysts performing predictive modelling related to celestial object risk.
- Space Enthusiasts seeking verifiable public domain information on space phenomena.
Dataset Name Suggestions
- NASA NEO Close Approach History
- Space Rocks Hazard Database
- Near-Earth Object Trajectory Catalogue
Attributes
Original Data Source: NASA NEO Close Approach History
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